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Acetate from chitin suggested as an economically viable source for bioethanol
Posted On: December 6, 2011In a Viewpoint published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology, Adão Montel of the Universidade Federal do Tocantins in Brazil suggests that the production of acetate from chitin may be a path to economically viable bioethanol.
Both current methods of producing bioethanol, reducing carbon dioxide or the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose or lignocellulose, are onerous. In this context, the acetate-to-ethanol reduction has shown to be a promising source of economically viable bioethanol. Many works consider that obtaining ethanol from acetate would be excessively onerous due to the cost of separating acetate present in wastewaters.
There is, however, an abundant natural source of acetate that has been neglected in this discussion: chitin. Acetate is abundantly present in chitin, the second most abundant natural polymer in nature (by cellulose only). The obtention of acetate from chitin can take place in a simple way, through the alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of this polymer.
Mar. Drugs, Volume 9, Issue 11 (November 2011), Pages 2164-2487 released
Posted On: December 4, 2011MDPI announces the publication of the following issue: Mar. Drugs, Volume 9, Issue 11 (November 2011), Pages 2164-2487 at http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/
Table of Contents:
Leda Giannuzzi, Daniela Sedan, Ricardo Echenique and Dario Andrinolo
Case Report: An Acute Case of Intoxication with Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins in Recreational Water in Salto Grande Dam, Argentina
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2164-2175; doi:10.3390/md9112164
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2164/
Gi-Young Kim, Wun-Jae Kim and Yung Hyun Choi
Review: Pectenotoxin-2 from Marine Sponges: A Potential Anti-Cancer Agent—A Review
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2176-2187; doi:10.3390/md9112176
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2176/
Renan Oliveira Silva, Geice Maria Pereira dos Santos, Lucas Antonio Duarte Nicolau, Larisse Tavares Lucetti, Ana Paula Macedo Santana, Luciano de Souza Chaves, Francisco Clark Nogueira Barros, Ana Lúcia Ponte Freitas, Marcellus Henrique Loiola Ponte Souza and Jand-Venes Rolim Medeiros
Article: Sulfated-Polysaccharide Fraction from Red Algae Gracilaria caudata Protects Mice Gut Against Ethanol-Induced Damage
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2188-2200; doi:10.3390/md9112188
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2188/
Oded Bergman, Boaz Mayzel, Matthew A. Anderson, Muki Shpigel, Russell T. Hill and Micha Ilan
Article: Examination of Marine-Based Cultivation of Three Demosponges for Acquiring Bioactive Marine Natural Products
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2201-2219; doi:10.3390/md9112201
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2201/
Francisco Cen Pacheco, Janny A. Villa-Pulgarin, Faustino Mollinedo, Manuel Norte Martín, José Javier Fernández and Antonio Hernández Daranas
Article: New Polyether Triterpenoids from Laurencia viridis and Their Biological Evaluation
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2220-2235; doi:10.3390/md9112220
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2220/
Carla Pereira, Yolanda J. Silva, Ana L. Santos, Ângela Cunha, Newton C. M. Gomes and Adelaide Almeida
Article: Bacteriophages with Potential for Inactivation of Fish Pathogenic Bacteria: Survival, Host Specificity and Effect on Bacterial Community Structure
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2236-2255; doi:10.3390/md9112236
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2236/
Saveetha Kandasamy, Di Fan, Jatinder Singh Sangha, Wajahatullah Khan, Franklin Evans, Alan T. Critchley and Balakrishnan Prithiviraj
Article: Tasco®, a Product of Ascophyllum nodosum, Imparts Thermal Stress Tolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2256-2282; doi:10.3390/md9112256
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2256/
Toshiaki J. Hara
Review: Gustatory Detection of Tetrodotoxin and Saxitoxin, and Its Competitive Inhibition by Quinine and Strychnine in Freshwater Fishes
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2283-2290; doi:10.3390/md9112283
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2283/
Kelvin Sze-Yin Leung, Bonnie Mei-Wah Fong and Yeuk-Ki Tsoi
Review: Analytical Challenges: Determination of Tetrodotoxin in Human Urine and Plasma by LC-MS/MS
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2291-2303; doi:10.3390/md9112291
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2291/
Ruiyue Yang, Junbo Wang, Zhigang Liu, Xinrong Pei, Xiaolong Han and Yong Li
Article: Antioxidant Effect of a Marine Oligopeptide Preparation from Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) by Enzymatic Hydrolysis in Radiation Injured Mice
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2304-2315; doi:10.3390/md9112304
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2304/
Narlize Silva Lira, Ricardo Carneiro Montes, Josean Fechine Tavares, Marcelo Sobral da Silva, Emidio V. L. da Cunha, Petronio Filgueiras de Athayde-Filho, Luis Cezar Rodrigues, Celidarque da Silva Dias and Jose Maria Barbosa-Filho
Review: Brominated Compounds from Marine Sponges of the Genus Aplysina and a Compilation of Their13C NMR Spectral Data
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2316-2368; doi:10.3390/md9112316
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2316/
Adriana Oliveira dos Santos, Elizandra Aparecida Britta, Everson Miguel Bianco, Tania Ueda-Nakamura, Benedito Prado Dias Filho, Renato Crespo Pereira and Celso Vataru Nakamura
Article: 4-Acetoxydolastane Diterpene from the Brazilian Brown Alga Canistrocarpus cervicornis as Antileishmanial Agent
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2369-2383; doi:10.3390/md9112369
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2369/
Vincent Chung-Him Yu, Peter Hoi-Fu Yu, Kin-Chung Ho and Fred Wang-Fat Lee
Article: Isolation and Identification of a New Tetrodotoxin-Producing Bacterial Species, Raoultella terrigena, from Hong Kong Marine Puffer Fish Takifugu niphobles
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2384-2396; doi:10.3390/md9112384
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2384/
Jessica Ponder, Byong Hoon Yoo, Adedoyin D. Abraham, Qun Li, Amanda K. Ashley, Courtney L. Amerin, Qiong Zhou, Brian G. Reid, Philip Reigan, Robert Hromas, Jac A. Nickoloff and Daniel V. LaBarbera
Article: Neoamphimedine Circumvents Metnase-Enhanced DNA Topoisomerase IIα Activity Through ATP-Competitive Inhibition
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2397-2408; doi:10.3390/md9112397
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2397/
Matti Vornanen, Minna Hassinen and Jaakko Haverinen
Article: Tetrodotoxin Sensitivity of the Vertebrate Cardiac Na+ Current
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2409-2422; doi:10.3390/md9112409
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2409/
Samuel Abbas, Michelle Kelly, John Bowling, James Sims, Amanda Waters and Mark Hamann
Review: Advancement into the Arctic Region for Bioactive Sponge Secondary Metabolites
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2423-2437; doi:10.3390/md9112423
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2423/
Dioli Ann Payo, Joannamel Colo, Hilconida Calumpong and Olivier de Clerck
Article: Variability of Non-Polar Secondary Metabolites in the Red Alga Portieria
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2438-2468; doi:10.3390/md9112438
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2438/
Simon P. B. Ovenden, Jonathan L. Nielson, Catherine H. Liptrot, Richard H. Willis, Dianne M. Tapiolas, Anthony D. Wright and Cherie A. Motti
Short Note: A New Diketopiperazine, Cyclo-(4-S-hydroxy-R-proline-R-isoleucine), from an Australian Specimen of the Sponge Stelletta sp.
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2469-2478; doi:10.3390/md9112469
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2469/
Cheng-Hai Gao, Yi-Fei Wang, Shen Li, Pei-Yuan Qian and Shu-Hua Qi
Article: Alkaloids and Sesquiterpenes from the South China Sea Gorgonian Echinogorgia pseudossapo
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9(11), 2479-2487; doi:10.3390/md9112479
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/9/11/2479/
Effects of Dietary Seaweed Extract Supplementation to Sows and Weaned Pigs
Posted On: December 4, 2011Seaweed extract (SWE) supplementation after weaning improved gut health and enhanced the performance of starter pigs and increased growth rate during the grower-finisher phases, according to researchers in the Irish Republic. There was no response to SWE inclusion in grower-finisher pigs born from sows that had received SWE in late pregnancy.
The present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of a seaweed extract (SWE) to sows and weaned pigs on post-weaning growth performance, intestinal morphology, intestinal microflora, volatile fatty acid concentrations and immune status of pigs at days 11 and 117 post-weaning, explained S.G. Leonard and colleagues at University College Dublin in the Irish Republic in a paper published recently in British Journal of Nutrition.
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